Final answer:
Research on anti-bullying programs indicates their effectiveness varies, with some showing success and others having little impact. Factors contributing to program outcomes include design, implementation, and school climate.
Step-by-step explanation:
A review of research on the effectiveness of anti-bullying programs found that c) Their effectiveness varies, with some programs being more successful than others. Across different contexts, the success of anti-bullying initiatives is mixed; while some programs demonstrate significant reductions in bullying behaviors, others show minimal to no impact. The varied results can be attributed to factors such as the program's design, implementation fidelity, and school climate.
Certain characteristics of successful programs include the development of social-emotional skills, community involvement, and consistent enforcement of policies. Ongoing research highlights the need for comprehensive approaches that address the complex dynamics of bullying and cyberbullying, which often have profound effects on mental health, academic performance, and overall student well-being.