Final answer:
Caitlin's classmates relying on her to do most of the work on the group project represents social loafing. This tendency can be reduced through strategies like individual assessment and forming groups with similar motivations. Social loafing is less common in smaller groups and among women and individuals from collectivistic cultures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct option : c
The situation Caitlin is facing with her group project where her classmates are relying on her to do most of the work is an example of social loafing. Social loafing is the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group compared to when they work alone. This is because the responsibility for the project's outcome is shared among all group members, which can lead to some group members contributing less effort.
Research has shown that strategies such as flocking to form groups with similar motivations, and ensuring that individual contributions are recognized can help reduce social loafing. For instance, if a teacher assesses the individual contributions or requires self-evaluations from each group member, the students may be more motivated to contribute equitably to the project. Moreover, smaller groups and clearly defined roles within groups can also discourage social loafing.