Final answer:
Psychological phenomena can be studied systematically, incorporating both natural and social scientific methods. This systematic approach is empirical and relies on observable, objective evidence rather than anecdotal claims or biased viewpoints, while considering both genetic and situational impacts on human behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the guiding assumptions of psychologists is that psychological phenomena can be studied systematically (choice c). This premise aligns with the scientific principles that govern empirical research in the field of psychology.
Psychologists use objective methods to explain behavior and the underlying cognitive and physiological processes. Unlike relying on anecdotal evidence or biases, the empirical evidence is paramount, and scientific research is approached with the understanding that biological factors do play a significant role in human behavior.
Furthermore, psychologists also acknowledge the impact of genetic and situational factors on behavior.
Their work often integrates elements of both natural and social sciences due to the biological and social aspects of human behavior. It is important to note that a scientific hypothesis must be falsifiable, which means it can be proven wrong.
This contradicts choice d, as the goal of psychological research is to be objective and unbiased in exploring phenomena such as creativity, prejudice, consciousness, and more.