Question

Yoskiko's behavior of attributing success to luck and failure to lack of effort illustrates:

a) Self-esteem
b) Self-fulfilling prophecy
c) Self-serving bias
d) Self-concept

Answer 1

Yoshiko's behavior exemplifies the self-serving bias, which is the tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external causes in order to safeguard one's self-esteem. Self-efficacy is also mentioned as a related concept that denotes confidence in one's own abilities.

Step-by-step explanation:

Yoshiko's behavior of attributing success to luck and failure to lack of effort illustrates the psychological concept known as the self-serving bias. This bias involves making internal attributions for successes and external attributions for failures. When an individual, like in the case of Yoshiko, credits success to external factors like luck, and blames failures on the lack of personal effort, they are engaging in a mechanism that serves to protect their self-esteem. The self-serving bias is a common cognitive bias that helps individuals maintain a positive self-view and is culture dependent.

As a related concept, self-efficacy is the level of confidence in one's own abilities, which can influence behavior and motivation, showing the importance of cognitive factors in personal development.