Final answer:
The direct answer to the question is academic success, as deviant peer relations have not been linked to this particular outcome. Instead, they are known to contribute to negative behaviors such as delinquency, aggression, and substance abuse, while positive social support is associated with academic achievement.
Step-by-step explanation:
Deviant peer relations have been linked to a number of negative outcomes, but the answer to the student's question is academic success. Deviant peer associations are usually not linked to academic success but rather are known to contribute to various forms of negative behavior and outcomes.
Several studies, including those by Marshal and Molina (2006), have shown that antisocial behaviors in children, such as those with ADHD, are heightened through deviant peer relations, which can lead to substance use. Furthermore, concepts such as social disorganization theory suggest that weak social ties and the absence of social control in a community contribute to higher rates of deviant behavior. Deviant peers can influence individuals to participate in actions like delinquent behavior, aggression, and substance abuse.
In contrast, positive peer relations and strong parental bonds are associated with more positive outcomes such as better grades and fewer behavioral problems in school. Therefore, while deviant peer relations are linked to several forms of negative behavior, they are typically not associated with academic success, which is usually influenced by positive social support systems.