Final answer:
Research has demonstrated that lack of social support is a significant risk factor for mental and physical illness, surpassing other factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and certain socioeconomic variables. Strong social connections enhance survival rates, coping mechanisms, and foster healthier lifestyle choices, thereby influencing overall health. the correct option is a) Social support.
Step-by-step explanation:
People are most likely to suffer mental and physical illness if they lack social support:
A vast body of research indicates that social support is a critical factor in influencing mental and physical health outcomes. The absence of strong social relationships has been linked to increased mortality risks and inferior health outcomes. For instance, social support can have beneficial physiological effects during stress, possibly improving health behaviors like maintaining a healthy diet and engaging in exercise.
Moreover, those with higher social support tend to have better coping abilities, which plays a significant role in managing stressors that, if not mitigated, could contribute to health problems such as heart diseases and infections. The importance of social support is further highlighted by evidence showing its connection to better survival rates in serious illnesses like breast cancer and HIV. Therefore, the absence of social support can have profound implications for both mental and physical health.