Final answer:
Although Liam's IQ is lower than his twin brother's, his determination and confidence may lead to greater life achievements, demonstrating that success is influenced by more than just intelligence. The correct option is d) Liam will likely achieve more in life than his twin brother
Step-by-step explanation:
Liam may not have as high an IQ as his twin brother, but his persistence and confidence suggest that he might be more successful in life. Research, such as the story of Chris Langan, indicates that socialization can be more important than intelligence in predicting life success.
Additionally, intelligence is influenced by a combination of factors, including genetics and environmental stimuli, as suggested by twin studies and the work of researchers like Terman. Finally, Jensen's controversial conclusions on intelligence highlight the challenges of measuring intelligence across racial and ethnic lines, thus emphasizing the complexity of factors that contribute to one's intellectual development and life achievements.
Twin studies have shown that intelligence has a significant genetic component, but this is not the sole factor influencing IQ scores. Environmental factors and it's not just about having a high IQ; attributes such as perseverance and self-confidence can greatly contribute to a person's accomplishments. The correct option is d) Liam will likely achieve more in life than his twin brother