Final answer:
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is an example of a projective personality test, where individuals tell stories about ambiguous pictures to reveal their unconscious thoughts and feelings. Unlike the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The correct option is (c).
Step-by-step explanation:
The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is an example of a projective personality test. Projective tests, such as the TAT, employ the use of ambiguous stimuli, like pictures or inkblots, to probe the unconscious aspects of an individual's personality. When a person is presented with such ambiguous images, they project their own feelings, desires, and impulses onto the stimuli, revealing aspects of their personality that might not be accessible through more direct testing methods. The TAT specifically involves showing a person 8-12 ambiguous pictures and asking them to tell a story about each one. These stories shed light on the person's social world, including their hopes, fears, and goals. While projective tests are less prone to intentional distortion because there are no clear "correct" answers, they are also often considered to be more time-consuming and less reliable than self-report inventories like the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).
It is important to differentiate between projective tests and self-report inventories. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), a well-established clinical tool used to assess personality, consists of a series of true/false questions designed to generate a clinical profile of the individual taking the test. Unlike projective tests, the MMPI provides structured, objective questions that respondents answer directly, allowing scores to be compiled into scales that reflect various psychological conditions.