Final answer:
Self-esteem in social identity theory is influenced by how individuals believe others perceive their social identity. This perception acts as a mirror reflecting our self-concept, which is shaped through social interactions. Positive or negative feedback can have significant psychological impacts.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to social identity theory, self-esteem results from evaluations of how we think other people view our social identity. This concept stems from Charles Herbert Cooley's "looking-glass self" theory, which posits that people shape their self-concepts based on their perception of how others view them. We imagine our image from the perspective of others, and react accordingly. This interaction influences our personal sense of self, as if through a social mirror reflecting back on us.
Cooley's theory is further expanded by Erving Goffman's dramaturgy ideas, emphasizing that individuals 'perform' according to how they believe others perceive them. This can be seen in daily behaviors, such as choice of clothing or mannerisms, which are tailored to influence and manage external perceptions, impacting self-esteem and identity. Negative or positive feedback from these social interactions can significantly influence an individual's self-esteem and overall mental health.
In the context of broader social impacts, exposure to consistent negative or derogatory responses can lead to a negative self-image and potentially harmful psychological outcomes, as highlighted by the CDC's findings on the effect of social rejection on homosexuals. Conversely, positive reactions can enhance one's self-esteem and contribute to a healthier psychological state.