Final answer:
A cyber attack is a technological hazard, which involves negative effects from technological systems, distinct from natural, chemical, or biological hazards. The correct option is B) Cyber attack.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the options provided, a cyber attack is considered a technological hazard. Technological hazards are negative consequences resulting from the mismanagement, misuse, or malfunction of technological devices, systems, and infrastructure. In contrast, disasters like earthquakes and hazardous material spills are considered natural and chemical hazards, respectively, while disease outbreaks fall under biological hazards.
Technological hazards often involve disruptions or failures in systems we rely on for daily activities, such as communications, transportation, and energy supply. The increasing reliance on digital technologies has made cyber attacks a prevalent threat, posing serious risks to personal, corporate, and national security. Examples of cyber attacks include hacking, denial-of-service attacks, and malware, all of which can have significant social and economic impacts.