Final answer:
An algorithm is a systematic problem-solving method with a specific set of instructions, while a heuristic is a general problem-solving framework used as a mental shortcut.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of problem-solving method that is similar to systematic searching is an algorithm. An algorithm is a problem-solving strategy characterized by a specific set of instructions that need to be followed exactly to achieve the correct result. This method is analytical and aligns with academic problem solving and computations. In contrast, a heuristic is a more general problem-solving framework, often referred to as a 'rule of thumb'. Heuristics serve as mental shortcuts to solve problems more quickly and with less cognitive effort, but they are not guaranteed to produce a correct or optimal solution every time, unlike algorithms.
The problem-solving method that is similar to systematic searching is algorithm. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of instructions that guarantees a solution to a problem. It is a systematic and organized approach, similar to systematic searching, that follows a predetermined sequence of steps to arrive at a correct answer.