Final answer:
Estrogen replacement therapy is used to alleviate the symptoms of osteoporosis, which is due to reduced bone density after menopause. Its use is carefully considered due to potential side effects, such as an increased risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), a form of hormone therapy (HT), is administered to alleviate the worst symptoms of osteoporosis. After menopause, the decline in estrogen levels can significantly affect women's health, leading to an increase in cardiovascular disease and a decrease in bone density. Osteoporosis, characterized by brittle and fragile bones, is a direct result of this reduced bone density, leading to a higher incidence of fractures.
Although ERT can help prevent bone loss and manage other menopausal symptoms, its use is cautious due to potential side effects, such as an increased risk of breast cancer, stroke, and heart attack. Healthcare providers recommend using the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary and emphasize the importance of regular health screenings for those undergoing HT.