Final answer:
The effectiveness of a communicator to bring about change is referred to as the communicator's efficacy. This encompasses confidence in one's abilities, such as self-efficacy, and the persuasiveness of a credible or expert source, which increases under certain conditions like uncertainty or group expertise. Congruence is when personal beliefs and actions are aligned.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effectiveness of a communicator to bring about change refers to a communicator's efficacy. This concept relates to the communicator's ability to produce a desired or intended result. While terms like trustworthiness, expertise, and credibility are features of the source of a persuasive message that can contribute to efficacy, they do not solely define it. For instance, when considering self-efficacy, which is your level of confidence in your own abilities, it clearly relates more to a person's belief in their own effectiveness (answer a).
Furthermore, under conditions where the answer to a situation is unclear or when the group has expertise, informational social influence is more likely to occur (answer d, both b and c). This explains that individuals look to others who are more knowledgeable or in uncertain situations to help guide their own behaviors.
The idea that people's perceptions of themselves should align with their actions is referred to as congruence (answer d). This alignment is considered crucial for personal integrity and psychological well-being.