Question

We tend to give members of the in-group the benefit of the doubt when they do something bad. However, when an out-group member does the same thing, we are less inclined to give the benefit of the doubt. This is, according to your text, the

a. ultimate attribution error
b. fundamental attribution error
c. confirmation bias
d. illusory correlation bias

Answer 1

The situation the student describes is an example of in-group bias, which is not one of the listed options. However, confirmation bias and in-group bias from the provided information seem most relevant to the behavior described.

Step-by-step explanation:

The scenario described by the student is an example of in-group bias, a preference for our own group which can lead to prejudice and discrimination against out-group members. The correct answer to the question is not listed among the provided options. However, the concept closely relates to both the confirmation bias and in-group bias mentioned in the background information. When a member of an in-group commits a negative act, the tendency to give them the benefit of the doubt, whereas an out-group member is less likely to receive such leniency, arises from a combination of these biases.

In-group bias makes us favor our own group, while confirmation bias leads us to seek out information that supports our pre-existing beliefs and stereotypes. This can result in a double standard in how we perceive and judge the actions of those from our own group versus those from an out-group.