Final answer:
Vivid information is a peripheral cue for persuasion, often involving emotional and superficial elements to influence without deep cognitive engagement, while the central route involves factual details and requires an analytical audience. Peripheral cues include celebrity endorsements, not factual information, and confirmation bias is the tendency to seek information supporting existing beliefs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Persuasion in Psychology
According to your text, vivid information serves as a peripheral cue for persuasion. This means that vivid information, like celebrity endorsements or positive emotions, helps create a positive association with the message or product without needing the recipient to deeply process the information. In contrast, central cues rely on factual information and require the audience to be analytical and motivated, as it involves the central route to persuasion. The peripheral route to persuasion is more about associations and feelings rather than deep cognitive processing.
Considering the provided information, the correct answer to the question about which option is not a peripheral cue would be 'd. factual information', as it is associated with the central route to persuasion. Similarly, for the central route to be effective, the audience must be 'a. analytical; motivated'. Moreover, in the Asch experiment, participants conformed due to 'b. normative' influences.
When discussing cognitive biases, it is essential to recognize that confirmation bias represents a tendency to seek out information that supports pre-existing beliefs, and the anchoring bias refers to the reliance on initial information to make subsequent judgments. Fixation on a single trait of a problem is described by 'c. representative bias.'