Question

In some branches of medicine, diagnosis refers to the identification of a physical illness and may be made on the basis of laboratory tests. In psychology, however, a diagnosis is:

a) A formal classification that is universally accepted.
b) A description of the patient's self-reported symptoms.
c) An identification of a mental disorder based on observable symptoms.
d) A process of understanding the patient's unique experiences and history.

Answer 1

In psychology, a diagnosis is an identification of a mental disorder based on observable symptoms, with the DSM being a key reference. Psychological diagnoses also involve understanding the patient's unique history and experiences, highlighting the personalized nature of mental health treatment.

Step-by-step explanation:

In psychology, a diagnosis is c) An identification of a mental disorder based on observable symptoms. Unlike certain branches of medicine where a diagnosis may heavily depend on laboratory tests, psychological diagnosis often involves a comprehensive evaluation of the individual's symptoms, behaviors, and sometimes, self-reported experiences. The American Psychological Association publishes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), which is a widely accepted standard for classifying mental disorders.

Revisions to the DSM reflect ongoing research and evolving understanding of mental health, leading to updates in symptoms and classifications. While some proposals suggest changes to the criteria for personality disorders, the DSM maintains specific categories that inform the assessment and treatment of these conditions.

Additionally, understanding the personal history and context of patients is crucial in psychology, indicating that a diagnosis is also d) A process of understanding the patient's unique experiences and history. This underscores the importance of a tailored approach in identifying and treating mental illnesses.