Final answer:
Hippocrates believed that maladaptive behaviors were caused by an imbalance in bodily humors due to either physical factors or astrological factors. He steered away from supernatural explanations and pioneered an understanding that would later influence biopsychosocial models of health.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hippocrates, the "father of Western medicine," believed that maladaptive behaviors and diseases were caused by an imbalance in bodily humors. This belief originated from the idea that physical factors could affect these humors and consequently, behavior and health. The correct answer to the question regarding what else Hippocrates believed could cause an imbalance in bodily humors, apart from physical factors, is astrological factors.
In the historical context, Hippocratic medicine did not attribute maladaptive behaviors to sources like evil spirits (b) or childhood experiences (c); instead, it considered a lack of cleanliness and astrological factors as contributing causes. This perspective was a significant shift from the religious, astrological, and supernatural explanations that were common before Hippocrates' time. This approach towards understanding human health and disease also laid down an early foundation for augmented medical practices, including the influence of environmental factors on health, which was a step away from a comprehensive germ theory and closer to biopsychosocial models of health.