Final answer:
Binet's 1905 scale was developed to measure intelligence in children (option c) , facilitating the identification of those who might struggle in school. Later standardized and normed, his work laid the foundation for modern IQ testing. IQ tests now play a crucial role in educational, clinical, and legal settings.
Step-by-step explanation:
Binet's 1905 scale, known as the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale, was developed with the specific purpose of measuring intelligence in children. French psychologist Alfred Binet, at the request of the French government, designed this test to identify children who may face difficulties in school due to their cognitive capabilities. The scale included a variety of verbally based tasks and later became a significant tool for intelligence testing, after being expanded and standardized by American researchers like Louis Terman and further developed into the Wechsler scales by David Wechsler.
IQ testing, such as that developed with Binet's scale, holds value primarily in educational and clinical settings, facilitating the identification of children and adults who might need additional support. The standardization of IQ tests ensures that they are administered consistently across a representative sample of the population, thus producing reliable data which is then used for various purposes, including educational accommodations, court proceedings, and eligibility for disability benefits.
Although not initially created by Alfred Binet, the IQ test most widely used today is that of David Wechsler, who developed various scales referenced in educational and psychological assessments across the globe.