Final answer:
The hidden meaning in dreams is known as latent content, a concept introduced by Sigmund Freud. Latent content is distinguished from manifest content, which is the actual storyline of a dream. Critics of Freud's method argue it is overly sexual, subjective, and potentially culturally specific. The correct option is b) Latent content
Step-by-step explanation:
The hidden or disguised meaning of the events which occur in dreams is termed latent content. This concept was put forth by Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud, who proposed that the manifest content of a dream includes the literal storyline, while the latent content represents the symbolic or deeper meaning behind these dream events.
For example, dreaming about a chasing snake could, according to Freud, symbolize a fear of sexual intimacy, with the snake acting as a phallic symbol.
Although Freud's theory has been influential, there are potential criticisms of his perspective on dream analysis. Some critics argue that his interpretations were too focused on sexual symbolism and often lacked empirical support, making the psychoanalytic approach somewhat subjective.
Additionally, the meanings attributed to various dream elements can be culturally specific, which suggests that interpreting latent content might not have universal applicability. The correct option is b) Latent content