Final answer:
Aptitude and achievement tests are both standardized assessments, but while aptitude tests measure potential abilities, achievement tests assess acquired knowledge. The SAT and ACT are both used in college admissions and have been shown to have high predictive validity.
Step-by-step explanation:
What do aptitude and achievement tests have in common? The correct answer is b) They are both standardized assessments. Both aptitude tests, like the SAT and ACT, and achievement tests are designed to measure skills and knowledge uniformly, allowing individuals to be compared against a standard benchmark.
Aptitude tests are used to predict an individual's ability to succeed in a future activity, such as college success, and have been shown to have a high degree of predictive validity. Achievement tests, on the other hand, assess what an individual has learned or accomplished, usually in an educational setting, such as a final exam.
While some studies have indicated that aptitude tests like the SAT can have predictive validity when it comes to college grades, the use of such tests in college admissions has been critiqued for potential bias and overemphasis of their predictive power.