Final answer:
A river is a natural freshwater source suitable for water supply, and along with lakes and streams, it is used in many urban areas. Groundwater and melting glaciers can also serve as drinking water sources where surface water is scarce. Wastewater treatment helps conserve fresh water and prevent diseases. Option A is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
A natural freshwater source that may be used for water supply is a river. Rivers, along with lakes and streams, are surface water sources that are often used for urban water supplies. Unlike oceans, which have high salt content, rivers contain fresh water with low levels of dissolved substances. This makes them suitable for supplying drinking water after appropriate treatment. Groundwater is another crucial source that can be tapped for drinking water, particularly in areas where surface water may not be readily available.
For individuals living in areas without accessible fresh water, options such as groundwater or melting glaciers and ice caps could provide an alternative drinking water source. It is important to remember that most of the world's freshwater is contained in glaciers and ice caps. Moreover, wastewater treatment is pivotal for conserving fresh water. By treating wastewater, we can prevent the spread of waterborne diseases and recycle the water for further use, including as a supply for irrigation and even as processed drinking water.
Engineering specializations such as water engineering play a significant role in the design and management of processes in a water treatment plant. By understanding the entire watershed and the way in which water travels from precipitation to our taps, we can better manage and sustain this vital resource for future generations.