Question

As discussed in the textbook, the research on practice and memory improvement demonstrates that

a) Practice has no significant impact on memory improvement.
b) Distributed practice is more effective than massed practice.
c) Memory improvement is solely determined by genetics.
d) Memory improvement is unrelated to the timing of practice.

Answer 1

The final answer is that distributed practice is more effective than massed practice for memory improvement, incorporating strategies like elaborative rehearsal and the self-reference effect.

Step-by-step explanation:

Practice and Memory Improvement

When it comes to memory improvement, research indicates that distributed practice is far more effective than massed practice. This approach involves spreading out study sessions over a period of time instead of cramming all information into one prolonged session. Incorporating strategies like elaborative rehearsal, which involves deeply processing information and making connections to other knowledge, can greatly enhance memory retention.

Additionally, applying the self-reference effect personalizes the learning process by tying information to personal experiences, thereby improving recall. Regular rehearsal and organizing study material can assist in better long-term memory consolidation. These methods contrast starkly with issues such as memory trace decay and interference, which negatively affect memory retention.

The final answer to the student's multiple-choice question is (b) Distributed practice is more effective than massed practice. This conclusion is drawn from research demonstrating that distributing study sessions over time allows memories to consolidate more effectively, as opposed to the less effective method of massed practice (cramming).

In summary, effective memory improvement strategies involve distributed practice and rehearsal of material, with particular emphasis on deep processing and personalization of content.