Final answer:
The correct answer is c) on a different land location, based on Baddeley's study on context-dependent memory, suggesting that recall is improved when the learning and recall contexts are similar. The correct option is c) on a different land location
Step-by-step explanation:
Baddeley studied the influence of context on memory, which belongs to the broader psychological concepts of encoding and retrieval. In his experiment involving scuba divers learning and recalling words, he found that items learned on land were best recalled on land, indicating that the environmental context where learning occurs can significantly affect memory recall.
Context-dependent memory suggests that recall is better when the contexts of encoding and retrieval match. This is supported by the fact that the scuba divers retained information more effectively when the learning and recalling environments were similar. The influence of context on memory can be seen in everyday situations where making material meaningful and relevant enhances memory encoding and recall.
The correct answer to the student's question is that items learned on land were best recalled c) on a different land location, illustrating the role of similar environmental features in memory retrieval. The correct option is c) on a different land location