Final answer:
The main answer is that working memory is important because it is critical for cognitive processes like problem-solving, aiding in the manipulation of information for complex tasks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Alan Baddeley has emphasized that working memory is especially important because it is critical for cognitive processes like problem-solving. This captures one of the key functions of working memory as described in both the Atkinson-Shiffrin model and Baddeley and Hitch's model. While sensory memory deals with the very brief storage of sensory information, and long-term memory with the permanent storage of information, working memory (or short-term memory) is where information is manipulated and processed. Baddeley's model introduces the concept of a central executive overseeing various subsystems dedicated to different forms of information processing, such as the visuospatial sketchpad and phonological loop. Furthermore, it manages the flow of information between these subsystems and into long-term memory, making it essential for complex cognitive tasks.In summary, the main answer to the question is (c) It is critical for cognitive processes like problem-solving. Working memory enables the active manipulation of information, which is essential for comprehension, reasoning, learning, and subsequent problem-solving activities.