Final answer:
Most modern cognitive psychologists and neuroscientists agree that the mind is a product of the brain's activity, a view aligned with monism-materialism, rather than considering the mind as a separate non-physical substance as per the dualist perspective of Descartes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In modern cognitive psychology and neuroscience, there is a strong emphasis on monism-materialism. This means that there is no separation between the mind and body; rather, mental processes are understood as the result of physical processes within the brain. This approach is rooted in physicalism, which asserts that everything that exists is physical. Researchers study the brain with the intention of deciphering how subjective experiences and consciousness arise from the neural mechanisms and electrical activities occurring within it.
Rene Descartes' famous proposition "Cogito, ergo sum" (I think, therefore I am) represents a dualist perspective that the mind is a separate, non-physical substance. However, this viewpoint is not commonly upheld in contemporary cognitive psychology, which aligns more closely with a monist and physicalist view, seeing the mind as an emergent property of the brain's activity.