Final answer:
Leo's response is due to his lack of conservation, which is a typical characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development.
Step-by-step explanation:
Leo's response is due to his lack of conservation. Conservation is the understanding that certain properties of objects, such as volume, mass, or quantity, remain the same even when their physical appearance changes. In this case, Leo believes that the short glass has less juice because it looks smaller, even though the volume of juice has not changed. This lack of conservation is typical during the preoperational stage of cognitive development, which occurs from about 2 to 7 years old. During this stage, children have not yet developed the cognitive abilities necessary to understand conservation.