Final answer:
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the therapy that focuses on changing unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors into healthy, positive ones, utilizing the principles of cognitive psychology to understand and modify thought patterns.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of therapy that focuses on uncovering unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replacing them with healthy, positive ones is a) Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is an evidence-based therapy that combines cognitive psychology and behavioral techniques to treat a variety of psychological disorders. It seeks to identify negative thought patterns and the resulting behaviors, and then challenges and replaces them with more rational, positive thinking and adaptive behaviors. This therapeutic approach is known for its effectiveness in treating a range of issues, including depression, anxiety, and phobias.
Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on the study of b) human thinking. This includes how we process information, how we store and retrieve memories, and how we use language and problem solving skills. Cognitive processes are foundational to CBT, guiding the therapist to understand and modify the client's patterns of thought.
According to the American Psychological Association and various research studies, cognitive processes can influence learning and behavior modification strategies, demonstrating the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral approaches in clinical settings. Methods such as psychoeducation, group therapy, and client-centered therapy, which stems from Roger's ideas, contribute to a comprehensive treatment plan that includes CBT.