Final answer:
The correct answer is c) Modeling therapy. This method is a part of the behavior modification techniques that employ observation of models to encourage learning and adoption of desirable behaviors, typically reinforced through positive reinforcement strategies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The behavioral method of psychotherapy in which desirable behaviors are demonstrated as a way of teaching them to clients is known as modeling therapy. This approach falls under the broader umbrella of behavior modification techniques and is supported by the principles of operant conditioning. By observing a model performing a behavior successfully, clients learn to mimic these behaviors. The aim is to replace less desirable behaviors with more positive or socially acceptable ones without the use of punishment, often utilizing positive reinforcement to increase the frequency of the desired behavior.
Behavior modification strategies are especially prevalent in settings involving children, where rewards such as sticker charts are employed to encourage positive behavior change. This principle is also touched upon in cognitive learning where an animal or person learns to associate a stimulus with a behavior that is not normally associated with that stimulus, as well as in cognitive-behavioral therapy that takes into account cognitive processes alongside behaviors.