Final answer:
To persuade others by getting them to think carefully about the evidence, we use the central route to attitude change, which relies on logic and facts and requires the audience to be analytical and motivated.
Step-by-step explanation:
When we try to persuade others by encouraging them to think carefully about the evidence, we are using the central route to attitude change. The central route to persuasion utilizes logic, data, and facts to convince people about the worthiness of an argument. This method is effective when the audience is analytic and motivated to process the information presented. For instance, a car manufacturer may highlight a vehicle's safety ratings and fuel efficiency to argue for its superiority, expecting the audience to comprehend and be persuaded by these tangible benefits.
For the central route of persuasion to be effective, the audience must be analytical and motivated (option a). This is because the central route requires the audience to actively engage with and think about the content of the message.
Conversely, the peripheral route to persuasion involves indirect cues such as celebrity endorsements, positive emotions, and attractive models. This approach does not depend on facts or in-depth processing of information but rather relies on positive associations. One example of this would be a popular athlete advertising athletic shoes, which appeals more to the audience's emotions or association with fame than to detailed information. Notably, factual information (option d) is not a cue used in peripheral route persuasion, as it requires cognitive analysis and is more characteristic of the central route.