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Eunice is highly prone to anger and is concerned about her risk of coronary heart disease. Which of the following is most true of her risk?

a) She has a lower risk of heart disease due to her emotional expression.
b) Her risk of heart disease is unrelated to her anger-prone nature.
c) Her risk of heart disease is increased due to her anger-prone nature.
d) She has a moderate risk of heart disease because her anger is well-controlled

User Rathore
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Final answer:

Eunice's risk of heart disease is increased due to her anger-prone nature. Research has demonstrated a significant link between frequent anger, hostility, and the development of coronary heart disease, with anger specifically highlighted as a long-term risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Step-by-step explanation:

Eunice's anger-prone nature may indeed increase her risk for coronary heart disease. Studies have shown that negative emotional states, especially when combined, can be strong predictors for the onset of heart disease.

Psychological risk factors such as depression, anxiety, hostility, and trait anger each independently contribute to the likelihood of developing cardiovascular issues. Anger, in particular, stands out as a significant risk, with some research indicating that individuals who react to pressure with higher levels of anger are much more likely to experience premature cardiovascular disease.

Furthermore, the association between anger, hostility, and future coronary heart disease has been reinforced through meta-analytic reviews of prospective evidence, suggesting that anger and hostility are serious long-term risk factors for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. It is clear from the accumulation of evidence that the propensity to experience frequent anger can have deleterious effects on one's cardiovascular health and overall well-being.

User Munch
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