Final answer:
A diagnosis of a manic episode requires the presence of three or more symptoms according to the DSM-5.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the DSM-5, a diagnosis of a manic episode requires the presence of three or more of the following symptoms:
- Elevated or irritable mood
- Increased goal-directed activity or energy
- Decreased need for sleep
- Racing thoughts or flight of ideas
Therefore, the correct answer is d) All of the above.