Final answer:
Material enters the body through the skin or eyes via the Absorption route. This can involve chemicals being absorbed or pathogens using breaches in the skin or mucosal surfaces to enter the bloodstream. Thus, the correct answer is option d.
Step-by-step explanation:
The route through which material enters the body through the skin or eyes is known as Absorption. When chemicals come into contact with the skin or the mucosa of the eyes, they can either damage the area or be absorbed into the bloodstream. This process of absorption can also occur with pathogens that take advantage of a breach in the protective barriers, as these pathogens can enter the body through cuts, wounds, or other breaches in the skin or mucosal surfaces. These incidents are examples of a parenteral route of entry.
For parasitic protozoans and helminths, the skin or eyes are often the primary portal of entry. Some of these organisms may physically burrow into the skin or mucosa, while others may exploit an existing wound or breach in the skin to enter the body.