Final answer:
It is false that orders and directives only implement departmental policies and procedures; presidents use executive orders as binding directives that have the force of law and guide the operation of the federal government.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is false that orders and directives are used to implement departmental policies and procedures. Instead, they are vital instruments for presidents to enforce the laws and manage the executive branch. Executive orders are effectively directives issued by a president to guide the operations of the federal government. They have the force of law and are used to implement legislative proposals, reorganize bureaucracy, and direct officials within the executive branch.
Presidents make policies primarily through executive orders, relying on the constitutional charge to "take care that the laws be faithfully executed." This method of policymaking can result in significant outcomes like Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, as well as more routine bureaucratic reorganizations. Moreover, the hierarchy of authority exemplified by the chain of command at a corporation such as Walmart illustrates how directives and orders are handled within a bureaucratic structure.
In contrast to the broad scope of executive orders, departmental policies and procedures are often narrower in scope and pertain to internal operations within a department rather than nationwide directives. On the other hand, executive orders can help manage a large, complex government and ensure that the president's policies are carried out effectively.