Final answer:
The intelligence theory with seven primary mental abilities was proposed by Louis L. Thurstone, not listed among the provided options. Howard Gardner proposed Multiple Intelligences; Robert Sternberg, the triarchic theory; Charles Spearman, a general factor; and Alfred Binet developed early intelligence tests with modern IQ tests most rooted in David Wechsler's work.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that intelligence consists of seven different primary mental abilities was proposed by Louis L. Thurstone, not by any of the choices provided. The theories of intelligence mentioned include the Multiple Intelligences Theory by Howard Gardner, which posits at least eight intelligences, and the triarchic theory of intelligence by Robert Sternberg, which describes three facets of intelligence: practical, creative, and analytical.
Charles Spearman proposed a single general intelligence factor, while Alfred Binet is known for helping to develop intelligence testing. The IQ test most widely used today was developed by David Wechsler.