Final answer:
Regarding others within one's circle of moral concern is known as 'Expanding the moral circle.' This concept is antithetical to ethnocentrism, which posits one's own culture as superior, while it aligns with altruism and universalism in promoting broader ethical concerns.
Step-by-step explanation:
Regarding others as within one's circle of moral concern is called d) Expanding the moral circle.
Expanding the moral circle is a concept that refers to broadening one's ethical considerations to include others beyond one's immediate group or community. This idea contrasts with ethnocentrism, which is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others. Ethnocentrism can hinder our ability to expand our moral circle as it promotes judging other cultures by the standards of one's own.
On the other hand, altruism reflects the selfless concern for the well-being of others and may encourage expanding the moral circle by valuing and helping those outside of one's immediate cultural or social group. Universalism also has relevance as it suggests moral principles that can be applied to all human beings irrespective of culture or background, which aligns with the principle of expanding the moral circle.