Final answer:
Social psychology is an interdisciplinary science that gained prominence after World War II. It utilizes research and scientific methods to analyze social interactions and behavior, with its emergence rooted in the sociological changes of the Industrial Revolution.
Explanation:
Social Psychology :
Social psychology is an interdisciplinary science that began to emerge as a vibrant field after World War II. Hence, the correct answer is option (d) Interdisciplinary; the 20th century. The development of social psychology as a discipline was influenced by the interest in smaller group interactions and the application of psychological research and perspectives. Sociologists began employing scientific methods to study social phenomena, collecting data and applying systematic analysis to better understand societies and social behavior.
The Industrial Revolution and subsequent societal changes laid the groundwork for the formal establishment of sociology, and by extension, social psychology. These disciplines have evolved to include various theoretical perspectives and areas of study, reflecting the complex interplay between individuals and society.