Final answer:
Dissociative identity disorder, formerly called multiple personality disorder, is a mental illness that affects an individual's thoughts, emotions, and social interactions. The correct answer is b) Multiple Personality Disorder.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dissociative identity disorder, previously known as multiple personality disorder, is a serious condition that belongs to a group of illnesses known as mental illnesses. These disorders profoundly impact an individual's thinking, mood, and ability to relate to others, significantly affecting day-to-day life and routine tasks. The American Psychiatric Association, through its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), provides guidance on diagnosing various mental health conditions, including dissociative identity disorder. b) Multiple personality disorder: Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) was formerly known as Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD). The name change reflects an evolution in the understanding and conceptualization of the condition rather than a mere semantic adjustment. The disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identity states or personality states, each with its own pattern of perceiving and interacting with the world. These identity states may control an individual's behavior, consciousness, and memory, leading to gaps in memory that go beyond ordinary forgetfulness.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association introduced the term Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) in the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) to replace the previous label of Multiple Personality Disorder. The change aimed to emphasize the central role of dissociation in the condition, highlighting the disruption in the normal integration of identity, consciousness, and memory. Therefore, the correct answer is b) Multiple Personality Disorder.