Final answer:
Humanistic therapy is the type of therapy aimed at helping patients achieve self-actualization, promoting individual growth by providing a supportive environment that emphasizes genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of therapy that has the goal of getting patients on the road to self-actualization is b) humanistic therapy. Humanistic psychology emphasizes the individual's inherent drive towards self-actualization and creativity. Two key figures in the development of humanistic psychology are Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers, who believed in the potential growth of healthy individuals and that every person has a desire to become the best they can be.
Humanistic therapy is distinct from cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, and social therapy in that it does not focus on modifying thoughts or behaviors directly or addressing social dynamics. Instead, it aims to provide a supportive environment where the client can explore their potential and grow towards self-actualization. This process is facilitated by providing genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard towards clients, as emphasized by Rogers.
Self-actualization represents the highest level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which proposes that human beings have certain needs that must be met in a specific order to achieve their fullest potential. Thus, humanistic therapy's ultimate aim is to help individuals fulfill their highest needs and achieve self-actualization.