Final answer:
Memory that can be consciously recollected is referred to as explicit memory, while memory that cannot be consciously recollected is called implicit memory. Explicit memory includes semantic and episodic memory and is consciously accessed. Implicit memory, such as procedural skills, influences behavior without conscious awareness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question concerns the differences between types of long-term memory. Specifically, they are asking which memory can be consciously recollected and which cannot. The answer is that memory that can be consciously recollected is to explicit memory as memory that cannot be consciously recollected is to implicit memory.
Explicit Memory
Explicit memory or declarative memory, includes semantic memory and episodic memory. It's the type of memory we use when we are actively trying to recall information, such as during a test. This type of memory includes our knowledge of facts and events, and we can usually articulate this information verbally. In terms of storage and retrieval, explicit memories are those that we store after encoding and can retrieve consciously.
Implicit Memory
Implicit memory, in contrast, refers to the long-term memories that influence our behavior without our conscious awareness. Examples include procedural memory, like how to ride a bike, as well as memories formed through conditioning. Implicit memories are not readily put into words and are typically demonstrated through the performance of tasks.