Final answer:
The term 'Mental set' refers to the cognitive obstacle where an individual continues to use an approach that has worked in the past instead of adapting to the current problem. This psychological phenomenon often leads to inefficiency in problem-solving and requires a deliberate shift in thinking to overcome. the correct option is a) Mental set .
Step-by-step explanation:
The psychological term for the obstacle to problem-solving when you're stuck on an initially thought-of answer is a) Mental set. A mental set is a form of cognitive fixation in which a person persists in employing a problem-solving pattern that has worked for them in the past, despite evidence that it is not currently effective.
For instance, if a person is used to exiting a room through a particular door that is now locked, instead of seeking alternative exits, they continue to attempt opening that same door, not recognizing the feasibility of other doors. This type of cognitive barrier can significantly hinder one's ability to find innovative solutions or adapt to new challenges. Overcoming a mental set requires a shift in perspective and approach, often needing a person to reassess and adjust their strategies or consider unconventional methods to solve the problem.