Final answer:
In the given scenario, Mark exhibited altruism, which is the selfless helping of others without seeking personal gain. This contrasts with the bystander effect and social loafing, which involve a reduction in individual responsibility and effort when others are present.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mark demonstrated altruism in this situation. Altruism is characterized by a selfless helping of others without seeking personal gain or recognition. It is the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others. In contrast, the bystander effect refers to a situation where individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when other people are present, which is the opposite of altruistic behavior. The effect is exacerbated when there's a diffusion of responsibility, where each individual assumes that someone else will intervene. On the other hand, social loafing is when an individual in a group does less work than they would individually because they believe others will pick up the slack, which also contrasts with the notion of altruism.
Altruism is often encouraged as a way to prevent problems like the bystander effect or social loafing. It promotes prosocial behavior and contributes positively to group dynamics, unlike the diffusion of responsibility seen in the bystander effect or the free rider problem associated with social loafing. True altruism does not come from a desire to feel good about oneself, but rather from genuine concern for others.