Final answer:
Mary has a flashbulb memory for the tragic events of September 11, 2001, which represents a vivid, detailed recollection of a significant event. Despite the clarity of these memories, they can sometimes be inaccurate over time. The 9/11 attacks had broad impacts, leading to displays of national unity and global condemnation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mary has a flashbulb memory for the tragic events of September 11, 2001. This type of memory is a vivid, detailed recollection surrounding a significant, often emotional event. Flashbulb memories, like Mary's experience of 9/11, involve remembering the minor details of what one was doing when they heard about the incident, who they were with, and the emotions they felt. Despite their vividness, research, including that by Greenberg (2004), has noted that flashbulb memories can be subject to inaccuracies over time. The 9/11 attacks were a momentous and pivotal moment in American history, deeply embedding in the memories of many, vivid enough for 97% of Americans 8 years or older at the time to recall the event a decade later, as surveyed by the Pew Research Center in 2011.
The impact of 9/11 went far beyond personal memories, affecting national identity, foreign policy, and perspectives on freedom and security. In the aftermath, while some Americans exhibited anger towards those they associated with the attackers, many displayed unity and patriotism, contributing to relief efforts and demonstrating a collective resolve characterized by volunteerism and support for the country. This event led to a surge in young people enlisting in the military, and received global condemnation from world leaders and citizens alike, reaffirming values shared across nations against such acts of violence.