Final answer:
Without detailed information on David's actions, we cannot accurately determine his parenting style. However, the four parenting styles are authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful, each with distinct characteristics and potential impacts on a child's development and self-concept.
Step-by-step explanation:
To address the question of which parenting style David is demonstrating, it is essential to understand the four parenting styles as defined by Diana Baumrind, which include authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful or uninvolved. The authoritative parenting style is characterized by reasonable demands, consistent limits, warmth, affection, and active listening to the child's perspective. Authoritative parents explain the reasons behind rules and are flexible enough to make exceptions on occasion. Children raised by authoritative parents are generally known to have high self-esteem and good social skills.
The authoritarian parenting style is stricter, with high importance placed on conformity and obedience, little expressive warmth, and rigid adherence to rules without flexibility. This may lead to children feeling anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy. However, it's important to consider cultural contexts where authoritarian parenting can be effective.
In permissive parenting, parents allow their children a lot of leeway, have few demands, and rarely discipline. These parents are nurturing and loving, often acting more as friends than as parental figures. However, this style can result in children lacking self-discipline and showing poor academic performance.
Finally, neglectful parenting, also known as an uninvolved parenting style, is characterized by indifference and a lack of response to the child's needs. Such parents provide basic needs but offer little else, often leading to emotional withdrawal and increased risk behavior in children.
Without specific details about David's actions, it is not possible to accurately determine which parenting style he is demonstrating. However, understanding these parenting styles and their impacts on children helps to determine what parents can do to nurture a healthy self-concept in their children.