Final answer:
The consumption of Omega-3 fatty acids leads to increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, thereby improving cognitive function. These fatty acids are key for brain health and development, and intake can enhance mental health by boosting blood flow and neurotransmitter levels in the brain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the student's question is: a) Omega-3 fatty acids; prefrontal cortex; cognitive function. Consuming Omega-3 fatty acids results in increased activity in the prefrontal cortex, which is known for its role in complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behaviour. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in foods like salmon, trout, and tuna, are important for brain function and development, and also have additional mental health benefits. Research has shown that these fatty acids can improve cognitive functions by increasing blood flow and oxygen availability to the brain, as well as neurotransmitter levels that are essential for memory retention and information processing.
In addition to dietary intake, there are other ways to promote cognitive function and mental health. Regular physical exercise, for instance, increases growth factors promoting new brain cells and new neuronal pathways, leading to enhanced cognitive control, memory, and overall brain function. Although caffeine has been shown to increase alertness, it is not associated specifically with increased prefrontal cortex activity or direct improvements in cognitive function.