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Milgram's study of obedience to authority, where subjects thought they were shocking another subject, raised questions about which two ethical concerns?

a. deception and invasion of privacy

b. invasion of privacy and lasting harm to subjects

c. lasting harm to subjects and deception

d. none of these

User Whusterj
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Final answer:

Milgram's study raised ethical concerns about deception and the potential for lasting harm to subjects, as it involved participants believing they were administering real electric shocks.

Step-by-step explanation:

Milgram's study of obedience to authority, where subjects thought they were shocking another subject, raised ethical concerns particularly regarding deception and the potential for lasting harm to subjects. The subjects, who were in the role of 'teachers', were asked to administer electric shocks to 'learners' for incorrect answers. Though the shocks were not real and the learners were actors, the teachers believed the situation to be genuine.

This experiment has been the subject of intense ethical debate due to the psychological stress inflicted on the participants who believed they were causing real harm. The deception involved in the study was extensive; participants truly believed they were shocking another person, which could potentially lead to long-term emotional harm. These concerns have influenced the development of ethical guidelines in psychological research that typically discourage such practices unless it is argued they will not cause harm and there is informed consent.

Given the strong ethical implications, the answer to the student's question falls within the options of concerns regarding deception and the potential for lasting harm to subjects.

User Flypen
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