Final answer:
Arden's parasympathetic nervous system is active as indicated by her slowing heart rate and facilitated digestion, which are part of the 'rest and digest' response and distinct from the 'fight-or-flight' response managed by the sympathetic nervous system.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Arden's heart rate is slowing, and her digestion is facilitated, her parasympathetic nervous system has become active. The autonomic nervous system is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, with each serving different functions. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response, increasing heart rate and shutting down non-essential functions like digestion during stressful situations.
On the other hand, the parasympathetic nervous system is involved in 'rest and digest' activities. It conserves energy as it slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract. This system is essential for maintaining homeostasis and is in charge during times of rest and relaxation, coordinating bodily functions to resume normal operations after a period of stress.