Question

Individuals with schizophrenia display (1) decreased brain volume and (2) loss of white matter in the brain. Findings 1 and 2 MOST likely reflect the results of brain imaging research using __________ and __________ , respectively.

a. DTI; fMRI
b. fMRI; EEG
c. fMRI; DTI
d. EEG; DTI

Answer 1

Decreased brain volume and loss of white matter in individuals with schizophrenia are most likely identified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), respectively. MRI visualizes brain structure while DTI maps the diffusion of water along white matter tracts.

Step-by-step explanation:

Individuals with schizophrenia display decreased brain volume and loss of white matter in the brain. These findings are most likely the results of brain imaging research using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), respectively. MRI is a non-invasive technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the brain and can detect changes in brain volume.

DTI is a form of MRI that specifically visualizes the diffusion of water in tissues, which is predominantly along white matter tracts, thus providing images of white matter integrity. Both of these imaging techniques are crucial in understanding neuropathological features in schizophrenia, aiding in diagnosis and potentially in monitoring the progression of the disorder and the effects of treatment over time.