Final answer:
Without specific statistical information, it's difficult to definitively select the best phrase that expresses the proportion of people who will experience a life-threatening event. However, many people will face at least one such event in their lifetime, pointing to 'most' or 'a substantial minority' as possible answers. The one defining feature of a minority group is often seen as their lack of power, and in Milgram's study on obedience, 2/3 of participants were willing to administer potentially lethal shocks when instructed by an authority figure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Responding to the question about the proportion of people who will experience a threat to their life or to that of someone close to them, while specific statistical information is not provided to answer with a specific choice among the options a substantial minority, about half, most, or a small minority, research on traumatic events suggests that many people will experience at least one such event in their lifetime. This might indicate that the correct response is closer to 'most' or 'a substantial minority' depending on the interpretation of available statistics. However, without more detailed data or context, it isn't possible to select the 'BEST' answer definitively.
The one defining feature of a minority group is often considered to be 'c. Lack of power'. While numerical size, self-definition, and strong cultural identity are factors that can be associated with minority groups, the most defining feature that distinguishes minority groups from majority ones is typically their relative lack of power socially, economically, politically, and legally.
Moving to the question related to Milgram's controversial study on obedience, it is reported that 'b. 2/3' of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure. This study highlights the strong effect of authority on obedience and has implications for the understanding of human behavior in hierarchical structures.