Final answer:
The figure of speech in Jawaharlal Nehru's sentence is a metaphor, comparing the struggle for freedom to labor pains.
The correct option is b) Metaphor.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the sentence "Before the birth of freedom, we have endured all the pains of labor" from "Tryst with Destiny" by Jawaharlal Nehru, the figure of speech used is a metaphor.
This figure of speech makes a direct comparison between two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as', implying that the struggle for freedom is similar to the pains experienced before childbirth. In this case, 'freedom' is being compared to a newborn, and the struggle to attain it is likened to labor pains, suggesting that a significant struggle or effort is required before achieving the desired outcome - independence.
The figure of speech used in the sentence from Nehru's 'Tryst with Destiny' is personification. Personification is a figure of speech in which human qualities are attributed to non-human entities. In this case, Nehru personifies the concept of freedom, comparing it to the process of giving birth. This figure of speech helps to evoke a vivid and emotive image in the reader's mind.
The correct option is b) Metaphor.