Final answer:
Gandhi argued that the problems in India were due to British policies, not the British people themselves. He promoted civil disobedience as a means to oppose these policies and to seek Indian independence and social reform.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gandhi emphasized that it was not the British people who were bad, but the British policies. His critique was directed towards the oppressive policies that the British government implemented in India, which he believed were morally wrong and harmful to Indian society. Gandhi's approach to protest against such policies was through nonviolent means and civil disobedience, which he saw as a sacred duty when faced with a lawless or corrupt state. The obligation to disobey unjust laws, according to Gandhi, was a way to serve both oneself and the community.
The internal divisions within India, such as those between Hindus and Muslims, were exacerbated by British rule. British officials often used a divide-and-conquer strategy, which undermined Indian confidence in British administration and intensified the call for independence. Through civil disobedience and non-cooperation, Gandhi and other Indian leaders sought to achieve self-rule and eliminate British policies that they deemed unjust and exploitative.